According to Hannah Arendt, totalitarianism is a new and extreme form of dictatorship composed of "atomized, isolated individuals". The government has "total control of mass communications and social and economic organizations". The two fundamental aspects that contribute to the maintenance of the power are a steadfast collaboration between the government and the police force, and a highly developed ideology. It is characterized by the presence of a single political party and more specifically, by a powerful leader (a real role model) who imposes his personal and political prominence. Ī newer form of government (originating around the early 4th century) commonly linked to the concept of dictatorship is known as totalitarianism. On the other hand, democracy, which is generally compared to the concept of dictatorship, is defined as a form of government in which power belongs to the population and rulers are elected through contested elections. Russian President Vladimir Putin with Libyan leader Muammar GaddafiĪ dictatorship is largely defined as a form of government in which absolute power is concentrated in the hands of a leader (commonly identified as a dictator), a "small clique", or a "government organization", and it aims to abolish political pluralism and civilian mobilization. Dictatorships and totalitarian societies generally employ political propaganda to decrease the influence of proponents of alternative governing systems. A common aspect that characterized dictatorship is taking advantage of their strong personality, usually by suppressing freedom of thought and speech of the masses, in order to maintain complete political and social supremacy and stability.
Typically, in a dictatorial regime, the leader of the country is identified with the title of dictator although, their formal title may more closely resemble something similar to leader. With the advent of the 19th and 20th centuries, dictatorships and constitutional democracies emerged as the world's two major forms of government, gradually eliminating monarchies with significant political power, the most widespread form of government in the pre-industrial era. As democracy is a form of government in which "those who govern are selected through periodically contested elections (in years)", dictatorships are not democracies. A dictatorship is a form of government characterized by a single leader ( dictator) or group of leaders that hold government power promised to the people and little or no toleration for political pluralism or independent media.
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